Let’s break down how to choose, upgrade, and optimize these key features to save energy, boost comfort, and lower utility bills!

1️⃣ Window Performance Metrics: What Do Those Numbers Mean? 📊

• 🌡️ U-Factor (Heat Loss Indicator): Lower is better—aim for 0.30 or lower in cold climates.
• ☀️ SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient): Lower for hot climates, higher for cold climates.
• 🔆 VT (Visible Transmittance): Higher VT = More daylight = Less artificial lighting needed.

💡 Quick Insight: Colder climates? Prioritize a LOW U-Factor. Warmer climates? Focus on a LOW SHGC.

2️⃣ Should You Replace or Retrofit? 🛠️

💰 Full window replacements can be pricey—but retrofitting can be a smart, cost-effective option!

• 🔹 When to Retrofit: Good frames? Consider storm windows, weatherstripping, or glazing upgrades.
• 🔹 When to Replace: Rotting frames, drafts, or single-pane windows? Go for full replacement.

3️⃣ Choosing Energy-Efficient Doors 🚪

Did you know that doors can leak just as much air as windows? Upgrading can cut energy loss significantly.

• ✅ Insulated Core: Steel or fiberglass doors with foam insulation reduce heat loss.
• ✅ Low U-Value: Just like windows, a low U-factor means better efficiency!
• ✅ Tight Weatherstripping: Prevents drafts and energy loss.

💡 Pro Tip: Close a door on a dollar bill—if you can pull it out easily, you need better sealing!

🔹 Final Takeaway: Seal the Gaps, Upgrade Wisely!

• 🪟 Windows & Doors = Key Energy Players in home comfort.
• ✔️ Understand performance metrics to choose the right windows.
• ✔️ Retrofitting is a great option if frames are still in good shape!
• ✔️ Insulated, well-sealed doors help cut drafts and energy loss.

Let’s explore how to choose, upgrade, and optimize these systems for maximum efficiency, lower energy bills, and a healthier home!

1️⃣ Heating Systems: What’s Best for Your Home? 🔥❄️

• 🔥 Condensing Boilers: Efficiency above 90%! Best for homes with radiators or radiant floors.
• 🌬️ Heat Pumps: Work in cold climates, provide heating & cooling, and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
• 🏙️ Community Geothermal: Shared ground-source systems for neighborhoods & multi-family buildings.

💡 Key Takeaway: Heat pumps are the future! They cut energy costs and work even in cold weather.

2️⃣ Mechanical Ventilation: Fresh Air Without the Energy Waste! 💨

• 💨 HRVs (Heat Recovery Ventilators): Best for cold climates—recover heat from outgoing stale air.
• 💧 ERVs (Energy Recovery Ventilators): Ideal for humid climates—balance humidity & prevent dryness.

💡 Pro Tip: If your home is sealed tightly, HRVs or ERVs ensure fresh air while keeping efficiency high!

3️⃣ Ductwork: The Hidden Efficiency Killer! 🔧

• ✔️ Get a duct blaster test to detect hidden leaks.
• ✔️ Seal ducts with mastic, not tape—it lasts longer!
• ✔️ Insulate ducts in attics & basements to prevent heat loss.

💡 DIY Test: Hold your hand near duct joints while your system is running. Feel a draft? That’s wasted energy!

4️⃣ Internal Gains: Your Home’s “Hidden Heat Sources” ⚡

• ✔️ Smart Thermostats: Adjust heating/cooling based on occupancy & weather.
• ✔️ Efficient Appliances: ENERGY STAR-rated devices reduce excess heat & power use.
• ✔️ Occupant Awareness: Small changes like turning off unused electronics make a big impact!

🔹 Final Takeaway: Smarter HVAC = More Comfort & Savings!

• ⚙️ Upgrade heating for better efficiency & lower bills.
• 💨 Ensure proper ventilation with HRVs or ERVs.
• 🔧 Fix leaky ducts to stop wasting energy!
• ⚡ Use smart tech & efficient appliances to optimize comfort.

🚀 Up Next: Home Energy Score and Retrofit Planning

Now that we’ve covered HVAC, let’s put it all together with a step-by-step Home Energy Score plan to prioritize your retrofits!